As a pet parent, I’ve seen how our fur babies—both dogs and cats—go through many changes as they enter their senior years. Providing the best possible care means understanding their evolving needs and making thoughtful adjustments to their diet, exercise, and lifestyle. Older dogs and older cats may need gentler routines, softer bedding, and regular veterinary care to ensure their well-being and maintain a good quality of life. This guide offers essential tips for caring for your senior furry friend, helping you adapt to these lifestyle adjustments so they can continue to thrive with comfort and love.
How Old is a Senior Dog?
Understanding dog aging can be tricky because a dog’s age doesn’t match up perfectly with human years. Based on the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) guidelines, a reliable estimate suggests that most dogs reach seniority around 7 years old. However, the dog’s breed and size play major roles in determining the estimated age of a senior dog. Generally, larger dogs and giant breeds like the Great Dane, Saint Bernard, and Mastiff tend to age faster, often entering their senior years by the age of 5 or 6. On the other hand, smaller dogs such as the Chihuahua, Pomeranian, and Shih Tzu may not be considered seniors until they’re about 10 years old.
From my experience working with pets, medium-sized dogs like the Pembroke Welsh Corgi, Border Collie, Siberian Husky, Golden Retriever, Dalmatian, and Greyhound fall somewhere in between, reaching senior status around 7–9 years. This complex process mirrors human aging, where some individuals show signs of slowing earlier than others. Interestingly, cats follow a slightly different pattern; the cat’s aging process tends to accelerate in the first few years but slows down later. Most domestic cat breeds are considered to reach seniority by 10 years of age, much like an older cat or senior cat that still enjoys a healthy and active life with proper care.
When Is a Cat Considered a Senior? What To Expect When Your Cat’s Aging
From my years of experience with feline patients, a cat considered senior usually enters their senior years around 11 to 14 years of age, depending on their cat’s life stage and overall health. The average cat lifespan typically ranges between 13–17 years, but with proper care, some can live happily up to 20 years old. An aging cat may start to slow down, rest more, or develop subtle changes in appetite and mobility — all part of being a senior cat. However, a senior cat can still enjoy a healthy, long life when pet parents focus on nutrition, regular vet checkups, and ways to keep them healthy as they gracefully age.
When Does a Cat Become a Senior?
Based on insights from the American Association of Feline Practitioners (AAFP) and my experience treating cats, most veterinarians consider cats to enter their seniors stage around 10 years old, though some may show early changes as young as 7 years old. As illness in cats can often go unnoticed — since they tend to hide their pain — it’s important for pet parents to schedule wellness exams not just yearly but ideally every six months. These regular checkups help detect subtle signs of health issues early, allowing those of us who work closely with cats to ensure their comfort and quality of life as they age gracefully.
What Are The Signs of Aging in Cats?
When a cat starts getting older, you may notice both physical signs and behavioral signs that show their body and mind are changing. Common changes include weight loss or weight gain, trouble jumping, and decreased mobility. Some may experience trouble eating due to dental disease, while others show decreased vision, poor night vision, or decreased hearing. Older cats often begin sleeping more, seem less active, and may show decreased self-grooming habits. In my experience, senior cats sometimes display confusion, wandering, or have accidents outside the litter box. You might also notice increased hiding, which can be their way of coping with discomfort or anxiety.
Senior Cat Health Problems
As senior cats grow older, they often face several health conditions that need close monitoring and care. One common senior cat problem is dental disease, which can cause pain and lead to serious infections if left untreated. Regular toothbrushing with an enzymatic cat toothpaste and using a soft toothbrush can help keep their teeth healthy. Some older cats may also require dental cleanings done by a vet to prevent tooth decay and gum disease. In my years of caring for cats, I’ve seen how even small changes in dental habits can make a big difference in their comfort and appetite.
Another common issue is arthritis in cats, also known as osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease, which can make movement painful and affect their daily activities. Cats may hide their discomfort, so it’s important to notice subtle symptoms like stiffness, hesitation to jump, or changes in using the litter box. Kidney disease is also prevalent among older felines, often showing signs like increased drinking, frequent urine, inappetence, and weight loss. Hyperthyroidism is another condition that causes increased appetite, vocalization, and unexpected weight changes, especially in cats over 10 years of age.
Digestive issues such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can lead to vomiting and diarrhea, even in a middle-age cat. Diabetes is often linked to being overweight, so weight management is key in preventing diabetes. Some senior cats may also develop cancer, including intestinal cancer, mammary cancer, or oral cancer. In very old cats—around 15 years of age—cognitive dysfunction syndrome or dementia may appear, showing signs like disorientation, vocalizing at night, accidents, hiding, poor grooming, or sleeping more. Understanding these patterns helps pet owners provide the best support for their feline friends, whether they’re 5 years old or in their golden years.
Caring for a Senior Cat
Keeping your senior cat healthy requires regular checkups with your veterinarian and proper at-home care.
Meet Your Cat’s Needs
As senior cats grow older, they need extra TLC to stay happy and healthy. Sometimes, your aging fur baby may forget to eat or forget to drink, so keeping fresh food and water daily in easily reachable bowls can make a big difference. Cats with mobility issues may struggle to navigate stairs, so ensuring easy access to essentials like a litter box on every floor is very helpful. A low litter pan or large litter pan is gentler on stiff joints, while warm places or a heated cat bed provide cozy comfort during rest. Regular grooming and weekly brushing help maintain their coat and circulation, especially for a senior cat who enjoys relaxing in their favorite warm spot.
Keep Up With Regular Vet Visits
As a senior cat grows older, staying on top of biannual vet visits becomes as important as humans seeing their human doctor regularly. For cats over 7 years old, a physical exam every six months helps detect problems early, especially since older cats are skilled at hiding diseases. During these exams, your veterinarian may perform wellness testing that includes blood work, a thyroid level check, complete blood count, chemistry panel, urinalysis, and even heartworm screening, FeLV, and FIV tests. These screenings help your vet ensure your cat stays healthy and catch early signs of issues that may develop as your cat ages.
When your cat reaches 10 years of age, your vet may recommend routine blood pressure checks to monitor for hypertension or high blood pressure, which can be linked to kidney disease, diabetes, or hyperthyroidism. Additional diagnostics like an abdominal ultrasound, chest radiographs, or abdominal radiographs can help screen for disease more thoroughly and support early treatment if needed. Regular monitoring truly gives your aging cat the best chance at a long, comfortable life.
Observe Your Senior Cat Closely
As your senior cat ages, you may start noticing subtle physical change or behavioral change that can tell a lot about their health. In my experience, keeping tabs on these changes through regular monitoring at home is one of the best ways to catch issues early. A good quality scale like the Brecknell MS15 Digital Pet Scale can be incredibly helpful for weigh-ins, letting you accurately track even an ounce of difference that could signal sudden weight loss or other concerns. If you notice anything unusual, reach out to your veterinarian for guidance—small observations often lead to early solutions that keep your cat feeling their best.
Best Food for Senior Cats
When your senior cat reaches around 7 years of age, their nutrition needs begin to shift, and finding the best food becomes essential to maintain good cat’s health. From my experience, veterinarians often recommend a senior-specific diet that balances protein level and phosphorous levels to support kidney and muscle function. Whether you choose dry kibble or canned food, regular analyses and annual blood work help your vet adjust the diet to your cat’s changing needs. Some cats thrive on over-the-counter diets, while others may benefit from prescription diets, depending on their weight and medical history. To create a cat-friendly care plan, consider how their home environment supports feeding and transition to new foods. A guide from your vet can make these golden years smoother and healthier for your furry friend.
How Do You Care for an Older Dog or Cat?
As dogs and cats age, they go through noticeable physical changes and cognitive changes that require extra attention and understanding. I’ve seen many older dogs and older cats experience reduced energy levels, slower movements, and sometimes osteoporosis or dental issues that make daily life harder. A senior dog may struggle with cognitive challenges, while a senior cat might show age-related changes like dull coat quality or less interest in play. Providing the best possible care means focusing on comfort, routine, and gentle activities that maintain their quality of life. From my experience, following expert care tips—like regular vet visits, proper nutrition, and extra affection—helps aging pets stay happy and healthy for years.
1. A Strong Start to Great Senior Pet Care: A Veterinary Wellness Exam
A comprehensive veterinary wellness exam is the foundation of senior pet care and something I always encourage pet parents to prioritize. As pets age, both older dogs and older cats face more age-related issues like arthritis, diabetes, and kidney issues that can affect their comfort and well-being. Unlike younger pets, senior dogs and senior cats benefit most from preventive care and early detection through regular check-ups and screenings. Visiting the vet twice a year allows for timely bloodwork and monitoring that can catch subtle health issues before they worsen. I’ve seen firsthand how early intervention often leads to better prognoses and keeps a furry friend’s health strong for longer, ensuring every senior pet enjoys their golden years with vitality and love.
2. Nutrition Tailored to Older Dogs & Older Cats
As older dogs and older cats age, their nutritional needs change significantly compared to younger pets, making specialized nutrition plans essential. From my experience, veterinarians often stress the importance of weight management, joint health, and healthy organ function to support long-term well-being. With the help of a trusted veterinarian, pet parents can follow expert recommendations to choose senior pet foods rich in antioxidants, joint-supporting compounds, and easily digestible proteins that meet their aging pet’s requirements. These balanced diets help maintain energy, protect mobility, and ensure that every senior pet enjoys comfort and vitality in their later years.
3. Appropriate Exercise for Older Pets
When it comes to senior pet care, I’ve learned that older dogs and cats benefit most from low-impact activities that keep them moving without straining their joints. Many senior dogs face mobility issues, joint issues, and reduced energy, so gentle walks or swimming are ideal forms of exercise to support circulation, reduce inflammation, and maintain joint mobility. Regular movement also helps prevent excess weight, which can worsen discomfort in older pets. During wellness exams, veterinarians can guide pet owners on customizing activity routines based on specific needs and physical limits.
For senior cats, interactive toys, cat games, and scratching posts encourage mental and physical engagement. As I often tell cat parents, creating safe spaces with climbing structures, padded surfaces, and a hidey hole or bed on the base level—with climbing optional—lets them move comfortably. Whether caring for an older dog or an older cat, gentle, consistent activity keeps them happy and mobile well into their golden years.
4. Grooming for Older Dogs and Cats
As senior cats and dogs age, I’ve noticed that keeping their coat healthy becomes more important than ever. An older cat or dog often struggles with mobility, which makes self-grooming harder. This can lead to matting, a dull appearance, or even skin issues. I always recommend weekly brushing to spread natural oils and keep the fur clean and shiny. Regular monthly baths also help remove loose hair and dirt, while a veterinarian can guide on safe products based on breed, genetics, and lifestyle.
In my years assisting Sploot’s veterinarian, Dr. Ashton Fox, I’ve seen how neglecting grooming can cause chronic ear infections, especially in pets with floppy ears or allergies. Frequent ear cleanings reduce the risk of ear infections in both cats and dogs. Maintaining a nail trimming schedule is equally vital since long nails affect mobility and overall body comfort. Each pet’s grooming routine should fit their individual needs, hair coat type, and age-related changes.
5. Thorough Dental Care
Many older cats and dogs face dental problems as they age, which can lead to tooth decay, periodontal disease, pain, and difficulty eating. What many pet parents don’t realize is that untreated dental issues can also cause systemic health problems over time. From my experience, having a steady dental care routine is essential for senior pets. This includes scheduling professional dental cleaning with your vet and practicing at-home toothbrushing regularly. Daily toothbrushing for your dog or cat is ideal, but even doing it twice a week or thrice a week can bring noticeable benefits. Experts usually recommend a dental exam and cleaning twice a year, or as advised by your veterinarian. For added peace of mind, always choose oral health care products verified by the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) — their list of accepted products ensures safety and effectiveness for your furry friend’s smile.
6. Maintaining Cognitive Health for Senior Pets
As senior pets age, some may face cognitive issues like disorientation or anxiety, making it vital to keep their minds active and engaged. From my experience with older dogs and older cats, regular mental stimulation helps preserve cognitive function and overall happiness. Simple mental stimulation activities such as puzzle toys, interactive games, and gentle training exercises work wonders for both dogs and cats. Taking dogs to dog friendly destinations or adding creative enrichment at home gives not only emotional benefits but also strengthens their bond with their favorite person. These enjoyable activities keep aging pets sharp, confident, and content through every stage of life.
7. Managing Any Chronic Conditions
As pets age, they can develop chronic conditions like arthritis, diabetes, or heart disease, which require consistent attention and care. Working closely with a veterinarian helps create a personalized management plan that may include medications, dietary adjustments, and even cold laser therapy to ease discomfort in their joints. From my experience, small lifestyle modifications based on a pet’s specific needs can make a big difference in their comfort and happiness. For pet parents managing a regular supply of preventives, refills, and ordering, the Sploot Vets app—available on Google Play and the App Store—makes the process smooth and stress-free, ensuring consistent care for every furry friend.
8. Keeping an Open Line with Your Vet
Good communication with your veterinarian is the key to providing great care for aging pets. From my experience, when pet parents openly share their observations during wellness exams—such as changes in behavior, appetite, or activity—it helps the vet detect early signs of health issues. Having that open line also brings peace of mind, especially when concerning symptoms like changes in behavior, sudden illness, or injury appear. For quick advice or urgent pet care, the Sploot Vets app offers a live chat feature that lets pet parents connect easily with veterinary professionals at Sploot, ensuring timely support and expert guidance whenever it’s needed.
Final Thoughts on Caring for Older Dogs & Older Cats
Caring for older dogs and aging cats is a rewarding responsibility that every loving pet parent embraces with pride. As pet owners, it’s important to recognize their changing needs and adapt our care to give our furry companions a comfortable life, a fulfilling life, and a happy life during their golden years. Providing excellent care for senior pets goes beyond regular vet visits—it also means ensuring they have access to nutritious pet food and trusted pet supplies that support their overall health and comfort.
From my own experience, I’ve found that getting vet-preferred pet supplies and high-quality pet food from SplootRX, an online pet store and pharmacy, makes senior pet care easier and more reliable. It allows pet parents to conveniently shop for essentials tailored to the needs of aging pets while keeping them healthy and content at home.
Sploot Vets: Your Go-To Vet Clinic for Next-Level Care
Providing regular veterinary care, a nutritious diet, and appropriate exercise are some of the best tips to support the well-being of senior pets, whether you have an older dog or an older cat. At Sploot Veterinary Care, pet parents get access to all-in-one veterinary care, which includes primary care, urgent care, and emergency vet services—all under one roof. From my own experience visiting their vet clinic, I’ve seen how their convenient locations in Denver, Chicago, and Colorado Springs make it easier for pet owners to stay consistent with their pets’ health needs.
What truly sets Sploot apart is their extended hours, being open 365 days a year, and the option to schedule online or through the Sploot Vets App. For added convenience, they also accept urgent drop-offs, which has been a lifesaver for many pet parents who need quick help without waiting for an appointment.
What do vets recommend for senior cats?
For healthy cats, most veterinarians recommend a yearly geriatric exam that includes blood work and X-rays, along with a smaller exam in between, which is considered ideal for early detection of health changes. From my own experience with my older cat, I’ve noticed how much comfort matters at home—they love warm places to rest, especially on a soft bed or cozy resting place away from any drafty area. Creating a safe and soothing environment helps them stay relaxed and healthy as they age.
How do you take care of a senior cat?
When caring for a senior cat, I’ve learned that regular wellness checkups are key to their long-term success. Before each veterinary visit, I always prepare by noting my cat’s habits and any changes in their behavior or weight. It’s important to beware of subtle signs of pain, such as moving less or grooming differently. Staying on the lookout when you scoop the litter box helps spot early signs of illness. As pet owners, we must learn to give careful attention to small details and schedule routine exams to keep our older cats healthy and happy.
What is the most common condition in cats over 7 years of age?
From my years working with senior cats, I’ve noticed that kidney disease, especially chronic kidney disease (CKD), is one of the most common illnesses seen in cats over 7 years of age. Alongside CKD, I often diagnose diabetes, hyperthyroidism, and dental disease, which can affect their comfort and appetite. Some older cats also face cancer, dementia, and arthritis, making movement and daily life harder. In many cases, hearing loss and vision loss also develop gradually, which is why regular checkups and early detection play such an important role in their care.
How often should a senior cat vet?
From my experience, senior cats, usually seven and older, need more frequent veterinary visits because as cats age, they become more susceptible to various health issues such as arthritis, kidney disease, and diabetes. A caring vet usually suggests bringing them in every six months for a comprehensive health assessment to catch any early signs of illness. This routine has helped many of my older feline patients stay active, comfortable, and happy even as they grow older.
What age is considered old for a cat?
In my years of caring for cats, I’ve noticed that they start showing gentle signs of aging once they reach around 11-14 years. At this stage, they’re considered seniors, much like a human senior between 60-72 years old. Their age makes them more sensitive to changes in diet, comfort, and medical needs. Cats over 14 years fall into the geriatric group, which is equivalent to humans aged 76-100 years, making them even more comparable to elderly people who require extra care and attention. As a pet owner, I’ve found that recognizing this transition early helps in providing better veterinary care, ensuring these beloved companions enjoy their golden years in warmth and good health.